Neurotoxic Plants

Absinth wormwood

Artemisia absinthium L.

Moderate

Aconite-leaf buttercup

Ranunculus aconitifolius L.

High

African fig tree

Ficus cyathistipula Warb.

Low

Alpine aster

Aster alpinus L.

Non-toxic

Alpine clematis

Clematis alpina (L.) Mill.

Moderate

Alpine delphinium

Delphinium elatum L.

Moderate

American pokeweed

Phytolacca americana L.; Phytolacca decandra L.

Moderate

Angel's Trumpet

Brugmansia suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Severe

Angel's Trumpet

Brugmansia versicolor Lagerh.

Severe

Anise

Pimpinella anisum L.

Non-toxic

Apple of Peru

Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.

Moderate

Apricot

Prunus armeniaca

Low

Arabica Coffee

Coffea arabica L.

Low

Arnica

Arnica montana L.

Low

Ash (Common European Ash)

Fraxinus excelsior L.

Moderate

Australia Umbrella Tree

Schefflera actinophylla (Endl.) Harms, syn. Brassaia actinophylla Endl.

Low

Basket willow

Salix viminalis L.

Low

Bearded darnel

Lolium temulentum L.

Moderate

Beets

Beta vulgaris

Low

Belladonna

Atropa bella-donna L.

Severe

Belladonna Lily

Amaryllis belladonna L.

High

Bergamot Orange

Citrus Aurantium

Low

Bird's Tongue Flower

Strelitzia reginae

Low

Black Cherry

Prunus serotina

Moderate

Black Elderberry

Sambucus nigra L.

Moderate

Black Henbane

Hyoscyamus niger L.

Severe

Black Nightshade

Solanum nigrum

Moderate

Black Walnut

Juglans nigra

Non-toxic

Black locust

Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Moderate

Blackthorn

Prunus spinosa L.

Low

Bog Bilberry

Vaccinium uliginosum aggr., Vaccinium uliginosum L., Vaccinium gaultherioides Bigelow, Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. microphyllum (Lange) Tolm.

Moderate

Bog rosemary

Andromeda polifolia L.

High

Boldo

Peumus boldus Molina

Low

Brake Fern

Pteridium aquilinum

Moderate

Broad-leaved dock

Rumex obtusifolius L.

Low

Broom

Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link

Moderate

Buckwheat

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench; Polygonum fagopyrum L.

Non-toxic

Bush vetch

Vicia sepium L.

Non-toxic

Caper spurge

Euphorbia lathyris L.

High

Cardboard Cycad

Zamia furfuracea

Moderate

Catawba rhododendron

Rhododendron catawbiense Michx.

High

Catnip

Nepeta cataria

Non-toxic

Celery

Apium graveolens L.

Non-toxic

Cherry laurel

Prunus laurocerasus L.

Moderate

Chinese Evergreen

Aglaonema commutatum Schott.; Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl.

Moderate

Chinese Wisteria

Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC.; Glycine sinensis Sims

Moderate

Chinese arborvitae

Thuja orientalis L.; Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco

Severe

Choke Cherry

Prunus virginiana

Low

Clustered Dock

Rumex conglomeratus Murray

Low

Common Bluebell

Hyacinthoides non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex Rothm.

Moderate

Common Fig

Ficus carica L.; Ficus caprificus Risso

Low

Common Privet

Ligustrum vulgare

Low

Common Snowdrop

Galanthus nivalis L.

Moderate

Common Walnut

Juglans regia L.

Low

Common Waxflower

Hoya australis R.Br. ex J.Traill

Low

Common beech

Fagus sylvatica L.

Low

Common box

Buxus sempervirens L.

High

Common morning-glory

Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth; Convolvulus purpureus L.

Moderate

Common sorrel

Rumex acetosa L.

Low

Coontie Palm

Zamia pumila

Low

Cornstalk Plant

Dracaena fragrans

Low

Creeping Fig

Ficus pumila L.

Low

Curly Dock

Rumex crispus L.

Low

Cutleaf coneflower

Rudbeckia laciniata L.

Unconfirmed

Cylindrical snake plant

Sansevieria cylindrica Bojer ex Hook.

Low

Cypress spurge

Euphorbia cyparissias L.

High

Daffodil

Narcissus pseudonarcissus L.

Moderate

Dog's mercury

Mercurialis perennis L.

Low

Douglas fir

Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco (syn. Pseudotsuga taxiolia Britton, Pseudotsuga douglasii (Sabine ex D. Don) Carriere)

Low

Drooping laurel

Leucothoe fontanesiana (Steud.) Sleumer

Moderate

Dumb cane

Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott

High

Dwarf Elder

Sambucus ebulus L.

Moderate

Dwarf morning-glory

Convolvulus tricolor L.

Moderate

Dwarf umbrella tree

Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr.

Low

Dyer's broom

Genista tinctoria L.

High

Eastern Arborvitae

Thuja occidentalis L.

Severe

Eggplant

Solanum melongena L.

Non-toxic

English Yew

Taxus baccata

Severe

European Bittersweet

Solanum dulcamara

Low

European heliotrope

Heliotropium europaeum L.

Unspecified

European spindle

Euonymus europaeus L.

High

European white waterlily

Nymphaea alba L.

Moderate

Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

Non-toxic

Fern Palm

Zamia spp.

Low

Fiddle-leaf fig

Ficus lyrata Warb.

Low

Field Poppy

Papaver rhoeas L.

Low

Field bindweed

Convolvulus arvensis L.

Unspecified

Flaming Katy

Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln.; Kalanchoe globulifera H. Perrier var. coccinea H. Perrier

Low

Flax (Linseed)

Linum usitatissimum L.

Severe

Forking larkspur

Consolida regalis Gray (syn. Delphinium consolida L.)

High

Foxglove

Digitalis purpurea

Severe

Garden heliotrope

Heliotropium arborescens L. (syn. Heliotropium peruvianum L.)

High

Gold Dust Dracaena

Dracaena surculosa

Low

Gold moss

Sedum acre L.

Low

Golden chain

Laburnum anagyroides Medik. (syn. Cytisus laburnum L.)

Severe

Golden dewdrop

Duranta erecta L. (synonyms: Duranta repens L., Duranta plumieri Jacq.)

High

Grape vine

Vitis vinifera L.

Non-toxic

Grass pea

Lathyrus sativus L.

Low

Greater celandine

Chelidonium majus L.

High

Greater yellow rattle

Rhinanthus alectorolophus (Scop.) Pollich

Low

Greater yellow-rattle

Rhinanthus angustifolius C.C.Gmel.

Low

Green hellebore

Helleborus viridis L.

Severe

Green spurge

Euphorbia esula L.

High

Hardy kiwifruit

Actinidia arguta (Sieb. & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.

Low

Hawaiian baby woodrose

Argyreia nervosa (Burm.f.) Bojer; synonyms: Convolvulus nervosus Burm. f., Convolvulus speciosus Linn. f.

Moderate

Hops

Humulus lupulus

Unknown

Horse Chestnut

Aesculus glabra

Low

Horse Chestnut

Aesculus hippocastanum L.; Synonyms: Hippocastanum aesculus Cav., Hippocastanum vulgare Gaertn.

High

Horseradish

Armoracia rusticana P.Gaertn. & al.; Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.

Low

Houndstongue

Cynoglossum officinale L.

High

Hyacinth

Hyacinthus orientalis

Low

Hybrid Alpine Rhododendron

Rhododendron x intermedium Tausch

Non-toxic

Indian Azalea

Rhododendron simsii Planch.

High

Italian arum

Arum italicum Mill.

High

Japanese wisteria

Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC.

Moderate

Jimson Weed

Datura stramonium L.

Severe

Juneberry

Amelanchier lamarckii F.G.Schroed.

Low

Kaffir Lily

Clivia miniata (Lindl.) Regel

Moderate

Kidney Bean

Phaseolus vulgaris L.

High

Kiwifruit

Actinidia chinensis Planch.; Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F.Liang & A.R.Ferguson

Low

Lacy tree philodendron

Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl. (syn. Philodendron selloum K. Koch)

Moderate

Large-leaved lupine

Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.

Moderate

Lenten Rose

Helleborus niger

High

Lily of the Valley

Convallaria majalis

High

Lobelia

Lobelia cardinalis

Low

Long-leaf Fig

Ficus binnendijkii

Low

Mackay's horsetail

Equisetum x trachyodon A.Braun

Low

Maidenhair Tree

Ginkgo biloba L.

Moderate

Malaysian Dracaena

Dracaena reflexa

Low

Male fern

Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott; Aspidium filix-mas (L.) Sw.; Polypodium filix-mas L.

Moderate

Marijuana

Cannabis sativa

Low

Mediterranean cypress

Cupressus sempervirens L.

Moderate

Mexican morning glory

Ipomoea tricolor Cav.

Moderate

Mezereon

Daphne mezereum L.

Severe

Milk thistle

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.; Carduus marianus L.; Silybum maculatum (Scop.) Moench

Moderate

Mistletoe

Viscum album L.s.l.

Low

Mistletoe fig

Ficus deltoidea Jack; Ficus diversifolia Blume; Ficus lutescens Desf.

Low

Mole Bean Plant

Ricinus communis

Severe

Monk's-rhubarb

Rumex alpinus L.

Low

Monkshood

Aconitum napellus aggr.

Severe

Mountain Pine

Pinus mugo Turra s.l.

Low

Mugwort

Artemisia vulgaris L.

Low

Mum

Chrysanthemum spp.

Low

Narrow-leafed lupine

Lupinus angustifolius L.

Low

Nordmann fir

Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach

Low

Norway spruce

Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. (synonym: Picea excelsa Link)

Low

Old man's beard

Clematis vitalba L.

Moderate

Oleander

Nerium oleander

Severe

Opium Poppy

Papaver somniferum L.

High

Orange

Citrus sinensis

Non-toxic

Orange daylily

Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.

Non-toxic

Paintbrush

Haemanthus albiflos Jacq., Haemanthus albomaculatus Baker

High

Palm Lily

Cordyline australis

Non-toxic

Peach

Prunus persica

Moderate

Pennyroyal

Mentha pulegium L.

Moderate

Perennial ryegrass

Lolium perenne L.

Non-toxic

Persian cyclamen

Cyclamen persicum Mill.

Moderate

Petty spurge

Euphorbia peplus L.

High

Pieris

Pieris japonica

High

Pig's ears

Cotyledon orbiculata L.

Moderate

Plantain Lily

Hosta plantaginea

Low

Plum

Prunus domestica

Low

Poinsettia

Euphorbia pulcherrima

Low

Portugal laurel

Prunus lusitanica L.

Moderate

Potato

Solanum tuberosum L.

High

Queensland Nut

Macadamia integrifolia

Low

Red bryony

Bryonia dioica Jacq.; Bryonia cretica L. subsp. dioica (Jacq.) Tutin

Severe

Red clover

Trifolium pratense L.s.l.

Non-toxic

Red elderberry

Sambucus racemosa L.

Moderate

Red pea

Lathyrus cicera L.

Low

Robusta coffee

Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner (syn. Coffea robusta L.Linden)

Moderate

Rosebay

Rhododendron spp

Moderate

Rough horsetail

Equisetum hyemale L.

Low

Rowan

Sorbus aucuparia L.; Synonym: Pyrus aucuparia (L.) Gaertn.

Low

Rubber fig

Ficus elastica Roxb.

Low

Sabi Star

Adenium obesum

Low

Sacred Bamboo

Nandina domestica

Low

Saffron Crocus

Crocus sativus L.

Moderate

Sago Palm

Cycas revoluta, Zamia species

Moderate

Savin juniper

Juniperus sabina L.

Severe

Scots pine

Pinus sylvestris L.

Low

Scouring Rush

Equisetum arvense

Unknown

Sea Squill

Drimia maritima (L.) Stearn (synonyms: Scilla maritima L., Urginea maritima (L.) Baker)

Severe

Seven Bark

Hydrangea arborescens

Low

Sheep sorrel

Rumex acetosella L.s.L

Low

Sheepkill

Kalmia latifolia

High

Showy stonecrop

Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H.Ohba; Sedum spectabile Boreau

Low

Silver fir

Abies alba Mill.; Abies pectinata (Lam.) DC.

Moderate

Snake Plant

Sansevieria trifasciata

Low

Snow-on-the-mountain spurge

Euphorbia marginata Pursh

High

Snowy Mespilus (Serviceberry)

Amelanchier ovalis Medik.; Aronia rotundifolia Pers.

Low

Sorrel

Rumex scutatus

Low

Southern blue gum

Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

Low

Soybean

Glycine max (L.) Merr.; Glycine soja (L.) Merr.

High

Spanish bluebell

Hyacinthoides hispanica (Mill.) Rothm.

Moderate

Spanish fir

Abies pinsapo Boiss.

Moderate

St. John’s Wort

Hypericum perforatum

Low

Star of Bethlehem

Ornithogalum umbellatum L.

Moderate

Stinking hellebore

Helleborus foetidus L.

Severe

Straight-Margined Dracaena

Dracaena marginata

Low

Sun spurge

Euphorbia helioscopia L.

High

Swamp Maple

Acer rubrum

Non-toxic

Sweet Cherry

Prunus avium

Low

Sweet Pea

Lathyrus latifolius

Low

Sweet Pea

Lathyrus odoratus L.

Low

Sweetheart Ivy

Hedera helix

Moderate

Swiss pine

Pinus cembra L.

Low

Tansy

Tanacetum vulgare L.; Chrysanthemum vulgare (L.) Bernh.

Moderate

Texas Umbrella Tree

Melia azedarach

Low

Ti-Plant

Cordyline terminalis

Low

Tobacco

Nicotiana tabacum L.

Severe

Tree Tobacco

Nicotiana glauca

Moderate

Tuberous pea

Lathyrus tuberosus L.

Low

Umbrella Leaf

Podophyllum peltatum

Moderate

Viper's Bugloss

Echium plantagineum

Low

Wahoo

Euonymus occidentalis

Low

Warneckei Dracaena

Dracaena deremensis

Low

Water fennel

Oenanthe aquatica (L.) Poir.

High

Water horsetail

Equisetum fluviatile L.; Equisetum limosum L.

Low

Water-hemlock

Cicuta virosa L.

Severe

Wax Plant

Hoya carnosa 'krinkle kurl'

Non-toxic

Wax Plant

Hoya linearis Wall. ex D.Don

Low

Wax-Leaf

Ligustrum japonicum

Low

Weeping Fig

Ficus benjamina

Low

Western Yew

Taxus brevifolia

Low

White Snakeroot

Ageratina altissima

Moderate

White Sweet Clover

Melilotus albus Medik.

Low

White bryony

Bryonia alba L.

Severe

White clover

Trifolium repens L.s.l.

Non-toxic

White hellebore

Veratrum album L.s.l.

Severe

White lupine

Lupinus albus L. (syn. Lupinus sativus Gaertn.)

Moderate

White swallow-wort

Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik.

Moderate

Wild Coffee

Polyscias guilfoylei

Low

Wild cabbage, Kale

Brassica oleracea L.

Low

Wild calla

Calla palustris L.

Moderate

Winged broom

Genista sagittalis L.

High

Winter Cherry

Solanum pseudocapsicum

Moderate

Winterberry

Ilex opaca

Low

Wood anemone

Anemone nemorosa L.

Moderate

Woodland crocus

Crocus tommasinianus Herb.

Moderate

Yarrow

Achillea millefolium

Non-toxic

Yellow Pine

Pinus ponderosa

Low

Yellow lupin

Lupinus luteus L.

Low

Yellow rattle

Rhinanthus minor L., Rhinanthus crista-galli L.

Low

Yesterday-today-and-tomorrow

Brunfelsia pauciflora (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.; Brunfelsia calycina Benth.

High

Alpine Ragwort

Senecio alpinus (L.) Scop.

High

Alsike Clover

Trifolium hybridum

Unknown

Amaryllis

Hippeastrum vittatum (L'Her.) Herb.

High

Ambrosia Mexicana

Chenopodium botrys

Low

American Yew

Taxus canadensus

High

Apple

Malus sylvestrus

Low

Big-flowered Foxglove

Digitalis grandiflora Mill.

Severe

Bird of Paradise

Caesalpinia gilliesii

Low

Birdsville indigo

Indigofera linnaei Ali

Non-toxic

Black Pine

Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold

Low

Black mustard

Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch

Low

Bog Laurel

Kalmia poliifolia

Low

Boxwood

Buxus spp.

Low

Branched horsetail

Equisetum ramosissimum Desf.

Low

Brunfelsia

Brunfelsia latiflora (Pohl) Benth.

High

Buckeye

Aesculus spp

Low

Bulbous buttercup

Ranunculus bulbosus L.

High

Buttercup

Ranunculus spp.

Low

Calamondin Orange

Citrus mitis

Low

Cape-tulip

Haemanthus coccineus L.

High

Cherry

Prunus spp.

Low

Chinese Aconite

Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux

Severe

Clematis

Clematis-Hybride

Moderate

Clivia Lily

Clivia spp.

Low

Common Bamboo

Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl.; Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl. var. vittata Riviere

Moderate

Common Marsh Marigold

Caltha palustris L.

Moderate

Corn buttercup

Ranunculus arvensis L.

Low

Cowbane

Cicuta species

Severe

Creeping buttercup

Ranunculus repens L.

Low

Creeping indigo

Indigofera spicata Forssk.

Non-toxic

Crown Vetch

Securigera varia (L.) Lassen (syn. Coronilla varia L.)

Moderate

Cursed buttercup

Ranunculus sceleratus L.

High

Cycads

Cycas and Zamia species

Moderate

Daisy

Chrysanthemum species

Low

Destroying angel

Amanita virosa (Fr.) Bertillon

Severe

Dog Hobble

Leucothoe sp.

Moderate

Doubtful knight's spur

Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur; Delphinium ajacis L.

Moderate

Erect clematis

Clematis recta L.

Moderate

Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus species

Low

False morel

Gyromitra esculenta (Pers. ex Pers.) Fr.

Severe

Fetter Bush

Leucothoe spp.

Low

Fetterbush

Lyonia spp.

Low

Figwort

Ranunculus acris

Moderate

Flat pea

Lathyrus sylvestris L.

Low

Fly Honeysuckle

Lonicera xylosteum L.

Moderate

Fly agaric

Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam.

High

Fool's parsley

Aethusa cynapium L.

Moderate

Geranium

Pelargonium species

Low

German greenweed

Genista germanica L.

High

Goat's rue

Galega officinalis L.

Moderate

Golden clematis

Clematis tangutica (Maxim.) Korsh.

Moderate

Grapefruit

Citrus paradisii

Low

Great horsetail

Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., Equisetum maximum auct.

Low

Great spearwort

Ranunculus lingua L.

Low

Haemanthus amarylloides

Haemanthus amarylloides Jacq.

High

Hairy buttercup

Ranunculus sardous Crantz, Ranunculus philonotis Retz

Low

Hairy indigo

Indigofera hirsuta L.

Unknown

Hawaiian Ti

Giant Dracaena

Low

Henbane Bell

Scopolia carniolica Jacq. (syn. Hyoscyamus scopolia)

Severe

Herb Paris

Paris quadrifolia L.

Moderate

Hosta

Hosta plataginea

Low

Hybrid Water Lilies

Nymphaea-Hybriden

Moderate

Imperforate St. John's-wort

Hypericum maculatum Crantz s.l.

Low

Indigofera lespedezioides

Indigofera lespedezioides Kunth, Indigofera pascuorum Benth.

Non-toxic

Jade Plant

Crassula argentea

Non-toxic

Japanese Yew

Taxus sp.

Severe

Japanese star anise

Illicium anisatum L.

Severe

Jerusalem Oak

Ambrosia mexicana

Low

Jonquil

Narcissus jonquilla

Low

Kaffir Lily

Clivia minata

Low

Kava

Piper methysticum G.Forst.

Low

Lady of the night

Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D.Don

High

Lambkill

Kalmia augustifolia

Low

Larkspur

Delphinium species

Moderate

Lemon

Citrus limonia

Low

Lesser celandine

Ranunculus ficaria L.; Ficaria verna Huds.

Low

Lesser spearwort

Ranunculus flammula L.

High

Lime

Citrus aurantifolia

Low

Loco Weed

Astragalus spp.

Unknown

Loco Weed

Oxytropis spp.

Non-toxic

Marsh horsetail

Equisetum palustre L.

Low

Marsh spurge

Euphorbia palustris L.

High

Meadow horsetail

Equisetum pratense Ehrh.

Low

Milkweed

Asclepias species

Moderate

Morning Glory

Ipomoea spp

Low

Mountain Fetter-bush

Pieris floribunda (Pursh) Benth. & Hook.f.

High

Mountain death camas

Anticlea elegans (Pursh) Rydb.

Severe

Naked Lady

Amaryllis spp.

Low

Nightshade

Solanum spp

Moderate

Northern wolfsbane

Aconitum lycoctonum L.s.l./L.s.str., Aconitum vulparia aggr./Rchb.s.str., Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. neapolitanum (Ten.) Nyman, Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. vulparia (Rchb.) Nyman, Aconitum altissimum Mill./Mill.p.p., Aconitum lamarckii Rchb., Aconitum ranunculifolium Rchb., Aconitum pyrenaicum L., Aconitum x platanifolium Degen & Gáyer, Aconitum penninum (Ser.) Gáyer

Severe

Pale Laurel

Kalmia polifolia

Low

Panther Cap

Amanita pantherina var. pantherina (DC. ex Fr.) Krombh.

High

Paper White

Narcissus spp

Moderate

Patience Dock

Rumex patentia L.

Low

Peony

Paeonis officinalis

Non-toxic

Poison Hemlock

Conium maculatum

Severe

Ragwort

Senecio jacobaea L. (syn. Jacobaea vulgaris L.)

Moderate

Ragwort

Senecio species

Low

Rapeseed

Brassica napus L.

Low

Rattle

Rhinanthus antiquus (Sterneck) Schinz & Thell.

Low

Rattle

Rhinanthus glacialis Personnat

Low

Rayless Goldenrod

Haplopappus heterophyllus

Unknown

Red staining inocybe

Inocybe erubescens A.Blytt (syn. Inocybe patouillardii Bres.)

High

Ribbon Plant

Dracaena spp.

Non-toxic

Ridderstjerne

Hippeastrum spp.

Low

Rosary Pea

Abrus precatorius

Severe

Rough Chervil

Chaerophyllum temulum L.

Moderate

Royal purple brunfelsia

Brunfelisa grandiflora D.Don

High

Russian Knapweed

Centaurea repens

Non-toxic

Scented Geranium

Pelargonium sp.

Low

Shamrock Plant

Oxalis spp.

Low

Sheep laurel

Kalmia angustifolia L. (syn. Kalmia intermedia Lange)

High

Small yellow foxglove

Digitalis lutea L.

Severe

Sowbread

Cyclamen spp

Low

Spanish Thyme

Coleus ampoinicus

Non-toxic

Spindle Tree

Euonymus atropurpurea

Low

Spring crocus

Crocus albiflorus Kit.; Crocus vernus (L.) Hill subsp. albiflorus (Kit.) Asch. & Gr.

Moderate

St. Peter's Wort

Hypericum tetrapterum Fr. (syn. Hypericum acutum Moench)

Low

Staggerbush

Lyonia sp.

Low

Stavesacre

Delphinium staphisagria L.

Severe

Sudan Grass

Sorghum vulgare var sudanesis

Non-toxic

Tall yellow sweetclover

Melilotus altissimus Thuill.

Low

Tomato Plant

Lycopersicon spp

Moderate

Tulip

Tulipa spp.

Low

Variegated horsetail

Equisetum variegatum Schleich.

Low

Variegated monk's hood

Aconitum variegatum L.s.l.

Severe

Vinca

Vinca rosea

Low

Wake Robin

Arum maculatum

High

Water Hemlock

Cicuta maculata

Severe

Waterfennel

Oenanthe fistulosa L.

High

Waterfennel, Water Dropwort

Oenanthe lachanalii C.C.Gmel.

High

Wax Plant

Hoya lanceolata Wall. ex D.Don subsp. bella (Hook.) D.H.Kent

Low

Wisteria

Wisteria spp.

Low

Wood horsetail

Equisetum sylvaticum L.

Low

Woolly foxglove

Digitalis lanata Ehrh.

Severe

Yellow Monkshood

Aconitum anthora L.

Severe

Yellow Starthistle

Centaurea solstitialis

Non-toxic

Yellow Sweet Clover

Melilotus officinalis Lam., Melilotus arvensis Wallr.

Low

Yellow azalea

Rhododendron luteum Sweet; synonyms: Rhododendron flavum G. Don, Azalea pontica L.

High

Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

Brunfelsia species

Low

Yew

Taxus spp.

High