Stavesacre Toxic?

Updated 2026-03-06| 4 min read| 1,853 found this helpful
Delphinium staphisagria L.
1

All plant parts are toxic, with seeds containing the highest concentration of poisonous diterpenoid alkaloids

2

Cattle and horses are the most sensitive to poisoning, followed by sheep, with fatal cases reported

3

Untreated poisoning can lead to respiratory paralysis and death, so prompt medical/veterinary care is critical

FAQ

Is Stavesacre toxic to Humans?

No specific clinical reports exist, but ingestion may cause salivation, muscle weakness, tremors, paralysis, and potentially fatal respiratory distress (Severe)

Is Stavesacre toxic to Cats?

No species-specific toxicity data available; ingestion may trigger vomiting, salivation, muscle tremors, and weakness (Moderate)

Is Stavesacre toxic to Dogs?

No species-specific toxicity data available; ingestion may cause gastrointestinal distress, muscle twitching, and neuromuscular impairment (Moderate)

Is Stavesacre toxic to Horses?

Restlessness, overexcitability, stiff gait, progressive muscle weakness leading to recumbency, salivation, vomiting, colic, muscle twitching, possible death from respiratory paralysis (Severe)

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Toxicity Details

Humans
Severe

No specific clinical reports exist, but ingestion may cause salivation, muscle weakness, tremors, paralysis, and potentially fatal respiratory distress

Cats
Moderate

No species-specific toxicity data available; ingestion may trigger vomiting, salivation, muscle tremors, and weakness

Dogs
Moderate

No species-specific toxicity data available; ingestion may cause gastrointestinal distress, muscle twitching, and neuromuscular impairment

Horses
Severe

Restlessness, overexcitability, stiff gait, progressive muscle weakness leading to recumbency, salivation, vomiting, colic, muscle twitching, possible death from respiratory paralysis

Toxicity Snapshot

Toxic PartsAll plant parts, particularly seeds
Exposure RoutePrimary exposure is via ingestion; skin contact with plant sap may cause mild local irritation
Toxic CompoundsDelphinin; Methyllycaconitin; Delphisin; Delphinoidin; Delcosin; Delsonin; Lycoctonin; Elatine; Other polycyclic diterpenoid alkaloids

First Aid & Prevention

First 30 Minutes

  • • If ingestion occurred within 2 hours and the affected individual is conscious, induce vomiting safely
  • • Administer activated charcoal to bind unabsorbed toxic alkaloids in the gastrointestinal tract
  • • Keep the affected individual calm and restrict all physical activity to avoid worsening symptoms

Contact Vet Immediately

  • • Any confirmed or suspected ingestion of any part of the stavesacre plant
  • • Presence of symptoms including muscle twitching, weakness, salivation, colic, or breathing difficulties
  • • Exposure in livestock, pets, or young children

Prevention

  • • Remove all stavesacre plants from pastures, yards, and areas accessible to pets, livestock, and children
  • • Avoid harvesting or consuming any wild Delphinium species due to high and variable toxicity
  • • Educate farm staff and pet owners on the visual characteristics and risks of stavesacre

Treatment & Prognosis

  • • Perform gastrointestinal decontamination (emesis, activated charcoal, cathartics) as clinically indicated
  • • Administer neostigmine as the targeted antidote for methyllycaconitin toxicity
  • • Provide symptomatic supportive care, including respiratory support, colic management, and fluid therapy
  • • House the patient in a quiet, low-stimulation environment throughout recovery
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Professional Toxicology

Scientific NameDelphinium staphisagria L.
AliasesLice-Bane、Stephanskraut、Mittelmeer-Rittersporn、Dauphinelle、Speronella stafisagra
Toxicity Grade
HumansSevere
CatsModerate
DogsModerate
HorsesSevere
Target Organs
Nervous systemGastrointestinal tractRespiratory systemMuscular system
Mechanism of Action

• Polycyclic diterpenoid alkaloids disrupt neuromuscular signal transmission in the nervous system

• Alkaloid concentration is highest in immature plants, decreasing as the plant reaches full maturity

Other Species Risk (CliniTox)

Information from CliniTox veterinary text.

Cattle: Highly susceptible to poisoning; symptoms include restlessness, overexcitability, stiff gait, muscle weakness, salivation, vomiting, colic, muscle twitching, and possible death from respiratory paralysis
Sheep: Less sensitive than cattle and horses; symptoms include muscle twitching, paralysis, foamy nasal discharge, with fatal cases reported
Confusion Risk

The following plants look similar and may be confused:

Other larkspur species Delphinium spp.
All Delphinium species share very similar morphological traits and contain equivalent toxic alkaloid compounds, making visual differentiation difficult for non-experts
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Data Sources

This information is for reference only and does not constitute medical advice. If ingestion or poisoning is suspected, seek medical or veterinary attention immediately.

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